GET START USING COMPUTER - UNDERSTANDING HARDWARE WORKS IN A COMPUTER

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A computer accepts electronic signals from the input devices, analyzes and processes them, and then outputs the results to the output devices. Let’s assume a user is working in a word processor, which is software used to create and format text documents. When the user types “a,” the keyboard sends the electronic signal “01000001” to the CPU. Then the CPU processes the data and stores it in RAM. Finally the CPU instructs the monitor to display the letter “a” on screen.
 
UNDERSTANDING SOFTWARE
Software provides electronic instructions that tell the hardware what to do. Software and hardware work together to perform the tasks requested by the user. There are two major types of software, namely operating systems and applications.
 
(i) Operating Systems
Operating systems, such as Windows, MacOS, and Linux tell the computer how to interpret commands, manage files, and process input and output. An operating system, or OS, must be present before any other software, such as a word processor, can run.This workshop covers the Microsoft Windows operating system. This operating system is available in several different versions, including Windows Vista, Windows 7,Windows 10, Windows XP, Windows 2000, Windows 98, and more. These versions differ in ways ranging from mere cosmetic issues to advanced technical functionality. However, as far as basic computing tasks are concerned, all function similarly.
 
(ii) Application Software
Once the operating system is running, software can be installed. Various programs enable the user to perform specific types of tasks with the computer.
The following table lists common types of applications, their functions, and examples:
 
(iii) Understanding Compatibility
It is important to know the operating system for which a particular version of  an application was created. It is a good idea to purchase the version of an application that will best utilize OS resources. If you don’t, compatibility problems may arise. For instance, some CD burning software designed for Windows XP may not run properly on Windows Vista.
   

ApplicationType

 

Function

Example

Word Processor

 

Create and edit text documents

Microsoft Word, WordPerfect, Writer

Spreadsheet

Perform mathematical

calculations and statistical analyses

Excel, Lotus 1-2-3, Quattro Pro, Calc

Database

Manage large volumes of information

Access, FoxPro, Paradox, Base

Graphics

Create and edit graphic images

Photoshop, Fireworks, Draw

 

Desktop

Publishing

 

Create and edit

newsletters and brochures

 

InDesign,Microsoft

Publisher,

FrameMake

Presentations



Create multimedia

presentations


PowerPoint, Apple

Keynote, Astound

Presentation,Impress





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